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Week 1 quiz

• Question 1 How are potassium and sodium transported
across plasma membranes?

• Question 2 What causes the rapid change in the resting
membrane potential that initiates an action potential?

• Question 3 A patient wants to know the risk factors for
Down syndrome. What is the nurse’s best response?

• Question 4 In teaching a patient with cirrhosis, which
information should the nurse include regarding cholesterol?

• Question 5 During childhood, the thymus decreases in
size, and this is referred to as _____ atrophy.

• Question 6 A nurse is reviewing the pedigree chart.
When checking for a proband, what is the nurse looking for?

• Question 7 A cell is isolated, and electrophysiology
studies reveal that the resting membrane potential is –70 millivolts. The
predominant intracellular ion is Na+, and the predominant extracellular ion is
K+. With voltage change, which of the following would result in an action
potential?

• Question 8 A 12-year-old male is diagnosed with
Klinefelter syndrome. His karyotype would reveal which of the following?

• Question 9 When a patient asks what causes cystic fibrosis,
how should the nurse respond? Cystic fibrosis is caused by an _____ gene.

• Question 10 A runner has depleted all the oxygen available
for muscle energy. Which of the following will facilitate his continued muscle
performance?

• Question 11 Why is
potassium able to diffuse easily in and out of cells?

• Question 12 What is the role of cytokines in cell
reproduction?

• Question 13 A nurse is teaching a patient with diabetes
how glucose is transported from the blood to the cell. What type of transport
system should the nurse discuss with the patient?

• Question 14 A 50-year-old male was recently diagnosed with
Huntington disease. Transmission of this disease is associated with:

• Question 15 The nurse is teaching staff about the most
common cause of Down syndrome. What is the nurse describing?

• Question 16 A patient has severe mental retardation caused
by a deletion of part of chromosome 5. What genetic disorder will the nurse see
documented in the chart?

• Question 17 A eukaryotic cell is undergoing DNA
replication. In which region of the cell would most of the genetic information
be contained?

• Question 18 The nurse would be correct in identifying the
predominant extracellular cation as:

• Question 19 A group of prison inmates developed
tuberculosis following exposure to an infected inmate. On examination, tissues
were soft and granular (like clumped cheese). Which of the following is the
most likely cause?

• Question 20 A patient who has diarrhea receives a
hypertonic saline solution intravenously to replace the sodium and chloride
lost in the stool. What effect will this fluid replacement have on cells?

• Question 21 The early dilation (swelling) of the cell’s endoplasmic
reticulum results in:

• Question 22 After a geneticist talks to the patient about
being a chromosomal mosaic, the patient asks the nurse what that means. How
should the nurse respond? You may _____ genetic disease(s).

• Question 23 A
13-year-old girl has a karyotype that reveals an absent homologous X chromosome
with only a single X chromosome present. What medical diagnosis will the nurse
observe on the chart?

• Question 24 Sodium and water accumulation in an injured
cell are a direct result of:

• Question 25 An aide asks the nurse why people who have
neurofibromatosis will show varying degrees of the disease. Which genetic
principle should the nurse explain to the aide?